Value Chain Definition on the Sanitization in Brazil.¶

The sanitization industry in Brazil encompasses a set of essential public services aimed at safeguarding public health, environmental quality, and promoting sustainable development. According to Law nº 11.445/2007, updated by Law nº 14.026/2020 (the New Legal Framework for Sanitation), basic sanitation is defined as the conjunto of services, infrastructure, and operational facilities for: potable water supply, sanitary sewage collection and treatment, urban cleaning and solid waste management, and urban rainwater drainage and management. This framework establishes national guidelines and targets for the universalization of these services, aiming to ensure that by 2033, 99% of the Brazilian population has access to treated water and 90% has access to sewage collection and treatment.

Value Chain outline¶

The value chain of the sanitization industry in Brazil can be broken down into several interconnected steps, from the capture of raw resources to the final disposal or reuse of treated water and waste.

Identification and description of each step in the value chain.¶

The main steps in the sanitization value chain in Brazil are:

Planning and Regulation: This initial step involves defining policies, establishing service standards, setting tariffs, and overseeing the sector.
Infrastructure and Technology Supply: This step includes the provision of materials, equipment, and technological solutions necessary for the construction, operation, and maintenance of sanitation systems.
Raw Water Abstraction/Collection: The process of capturing water from natural sources like rivers, lakes, and underground reservoirs.
Water Treatment: The process of treating raw water to make it potable and safe for human consumption.
Treated Water Distribution: The network and activities involved in transporting treated water from treatment plants to consumers.
Sewage Collection: The system of pipes and infrastructure used to collect sanitary sewage from residences and establishments.
Sewage Treatment: The process of treating collected sewage to remove pollutants before its discharge into the environment or reuse.
Urban Cleaning and Solid Waste Management: This encompasses the collection, treatment, and final disposal of urban solid waste, as well as street cleaning and other related services.
Urban Rainwater Drainage and Management: The infrastructure and actions required to collect, transport, and manage rainwater in urban areas to prevent flooding.
Monitoring and Control: Continuous monitoring of water and sewage quality, system performance, and compliance with regulations.
Financial Management and Commercial Operations: Activities related to billing, collection, financial planning, and economic-financial sustainability of the services.

Identification and description of segments for each step of the value chain.¶

Given the integrated nature of sanitation services and the available information, a detailed segmentation for each step of the value chain across all four components of basic sanitation (water, sewage, solid waste, drainage) is challenging with the provided sources. However, we can identify key segments based on the primary services:

Water Supply Segment:
- Main Activities: Raw water abstraction, treatment (including different levels of purification), storage, and distribution to end-users.
- Types of Players: State-owned companies (CESBs), municipal service autonomous entities (autarquias), municipal companies, and private companies operating under concessions or PPPs.
- Examples of Main Players: Sabesp (state of São Paulo), Copasa (state of Minas Gerais), Sanepar (state of Paraná), Aegea Saneamento, Iguá Saneamento, Águas do Brasil.
Sanitary Sewage Segment:
- Main Activities: Collection of sewage through networks, pumping stations, treatment (primary, secondary, tertiary), and final disposal or reuse of treated effluent and sludge.
- Types of Players: State-owned companies (CESBs), municipal service autonomous entities (autarquias), municipal companies, and private companies operating under concessions or PPPs.
- Examples of Main Players: Sabesp, Copasa, Sanepar, Aegea Saneamento, Iguá Saneamento, Águas do Brasil.
Urban Cleaning and Solid Waste Management Segment:
- Main Activities: Collection of solid waste, transportation, sorting, treatment (recycling, composting, energy recovery), and environmentally sound final disposal (landfills).
- Types of Players: Municipalities (directly or through dedicated departments), municipal companies, and private companies through concessions or contracts.
- Examples of Main Players: (Specific major players in this segment were not prominently featured in the provided search results focusing on water and sewage, which are often highlighted under the New Legal Framework). Orizon might have operations in this area.
Urban Rainwater Drainage and Management Segment:
- Main Activities: Collection of rainwater through drainage systems, transport, and management to prevent flooding, including infrastructure like canals and reservoirs.
- Types of Players: Primarily municipalities, sometimes with support from state governments.
- Examples of Main Players: (Specific major players in this segment were not prominently featured in the provided search results). This segment faces challenges with lack of public data on investments.
Infrastructure and Technology Supply Segment:
- Main Activities: Manufacturing and supplying pipes, pumps, valves, treatment equipment, monitoring systems, chemicals, and other inputs for the construction, operation, and maintenance of water and sewage systems.
- Types of Players: Manufacturers of equipment, suppliers of materials, technology providers, engineering and consulting firms.
- Examples of Main Players: aQuamec, DAS Brasil. (The search results provided examples of equipment suppliers rather than a comprehensive list of all types of players in this broad segment).
Regulation and Planning Segment:
- Main Activities: Establishing national guidelines (ANA), state and municipal regulation, setting service quality standards and tariffs, and overseeing compliance. Developing sanitation plans (Plansab).
- Types of Players: Federal government (Ministry of Cities, ANA), state regulatory agencies, municipal regulatory agencies, intermunicipal regulatory entities.
- Examples of Main Players: Agência Nacional de Águas e Saneamento Básico (ANA). State and municipal regulatory agencies.

List of types of players in each segment¶

As identified above, the types of players vary by segment:

Water Supply and Sanitary Sewage: State-owned companies (CESBs), municipal service autonomous entities (autarquias), municipal companies, private companies (concessionaires, PPPs).
Urban Cleaning and Solid Waste Management: Municipalities, municipal companies, private companies.
Urban Rainwater Drainage and Management: Municipalities, state governments.
Infrastructure and Technology Supply: Equipment manufacturers, material suppliers, technology companies, engineering and consulting firms.
Regulation and Planning: Federal government bodies (ANA), state regulatory agencies, municipal regulatory agencies, intermunicipal regulatory entities.

Detailed description of the main activities within each segment.¶

Water Supply: This involves abstracting raw water from sources (rivers, lakes, groundwater), treating it in Water Treatment Plants (ETAs) through processes like coagulation, flocculation, decantation, filtration, disinfection (chlorination), and fluoridation to meet potability standards. The treated water is then stored in reservoirs and distributed to consumers through a network of pipes and pumping stations.
Sanitary Sewage: This segment focuses on collecting domestic and industrial sewage through a network of sewer pipes and pumping stations, transporting it to Sewage Treatment Plants (ETEs). Treatment processes can include preliminary treatment (screening, grit removal), primary treatment (sedimentation), secondary treatment (biological processes like activated sludge), and sometimes tertiary treatment (nutrient removal, disinfection) to reduce pollutants before discharge or reuse. Sludge generated during treatment is also managed and disposed of appropriately.
Urban Cleaning and Solid Waste Management: Activities include the collection of various types of solid waste (household, commercial, industrial, public area waste), transportation to sorting centers, treatment processes like recycling, composting, and energy recovery (though less common in Brazil), and finally, the environmentally sound disposal of non-reusable waste in sanitary landfills. This also includes street sweeping and other public area cleaning services.
Urban Rainwater Drainage and Management: This involves collecting rainwater runoff from streets and other urban surfaces through a system of drains, pipes, and open channels. The water is transported and managed through infrastructure that may include retention basins and pumping stations to mitigate flooding and minimize erosion before being discharged into receiving bodies.
Infrastructure and Technology Supply: This segment provides the physical components and technical expertise required across the other segments. Activities include the manufacturing of essential materials like pipes, fittings, and reservoir components; production of pumps, valves, filters, and specialized treatment equipment (like aerators, clarifiers, membrane systems); development and implementation of monitoring and control systems; and provision of engineering design, consulting, and construction services for new infrastructure and upgrades.
Regulation and Planning: This segment is crucial for the functioning and development of the entire industry. Activities include the formulation of national policies and targets (like the universalization goals), establishment of regulatory frameworks and norms (quality standards, tariff setting mechanisms, performance indicators), oversight and inspection of service providers to ensure compliance, planning for future infrastructure needs, and managing access to federal funding and financing.

List examples of key players with detailed profiles.¶

Based on the provided information, key players include a mix of state-owned and private companies:

Sabesp (Companhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo): The largest sanitation company in Brazil. Operates in 375 municipalities in the state of São Paulo, providing water supply to over 28 million people and sewage collection to approximately 25.5 million. It is a mixed-capital company, with the São Paulo state government as the controlling shareholder, but also has private participation and is listed on the stock exchange (B3). Recently undergoing a privatization process.
Aegea Saneamento: A leading private company in the Brazilian sanitation sector, established in 2007. Operates in over 760 municipalities across 15 states, serving more than 33 million people. Focuses on sustainability and improving quality of life through sanitation services. Utilizes various business models including concessions and PPPs. Had a net revenue of R$ 4.6 billion in 2022. Recognized in industry awards for its performance.
Copasa (Companhia de Saneamento de Minas Gerais): A state-owned company operating in Minas Gerais. Provides water and sewage services to a significant portion of the state's population. Listed on the B3 stock exchange.
Sanepar (Companhia de Saneamento do Paraná): A mixed-capital company controlled by the Paraná state government. Operates in Paraná and is listed on the B3. Serves municipalities in the state, including Maringá, which ranked first in the Trata Brasil 2024 ranking. Recently entered into a PPP with Aegea and Acciona for sewage services.
Iguá Saneamento: A private company with operations in several Brazilian states (Alagoas, Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Sergipe). Operates through concessions and PPPs, serving approximately 6 million people in 121 municipalities. Has a significant participation of financial capital in its structure, including international investment funds and BNDESPar.
Águas do Brasil: A private company that has been operating in water and sewage concessions since 1998. Holds several concession contracts for sanitation services.
aQuamec: A company specializing in providing equipment and systems for water and effluent treatment. Offers solutions for various stages of treatment, including primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment, as well as ultrafiltration and desalination. Provides manufacturing, installation, maintenance, and repair services. Has a manufacturing unit in Itu, São Paulo, and service centers across Brazil.
DAS Brasil: A company focused on solutions for domestic and industrial effluent treatment, utilizing technologies like MBBR. Operates in Brazil since 2001 and has installed numerous treatment sites.

Show estimates of volumes and sizes of each step in the value chain.¶

Providing precise volume and size estimates for each step across the entire value chain with the available data is not feasible. However, we can provide estimates for key indicators related to coverage, treatment volumes, and investment needs, which reflect the overall size and activity within the value chain.

Water Supply:
- In 2021, 84.2% of the total Brazilian population had access to treated water network. This figure is higher in urban areas (93.5% of urban population).
- Per capita consumption is around 148.2 liters per day.
- Significant losses occur in the distribution system, estimated at 37.8% in 2021 and 40.3% in 2021 in another source, though showing a slight decrease compared to previous years. The volume of water lost in 2021 was around 7.3 billion m³.
- In 2017, 52.4 million m³/day of water were captured, 45 million m³/day treated, and 46.1 m³/day distributed.
Sanitary Sewage:
- In 2021, 114.8 million urban inhabitants were served by sewage collection networks, representing 64.1% of the urban population.
- The volume of sewage effectively treated in relation to the volume generated is still low, reaching 50.3% in 2021 according to one source and 52.2% in 2022 according to others. The average treatment rate among the 100 largest cities was 65.55% in 2022.
- In 2017, 14.3 million m³ of sewage were collected per day, and 11 million m³ were treated.
Investments:
- To achieve the universalization goals by 2033, estimated investments of around R$ 509 billion to R$ 551 billion are needed. This translates to an estimated annual investment need of around R$ 50 billion.
- Actual annual investments in the sector have been significantly lower, averaging R$ 20.9 billion per year in the last 5 years leading up to 2022.
- In 2024, the investment gap is estimated to be at least R$ 24 billion, and in 2025, R$ 19.5 billion.
- Projected investments in water and sewage until 2040 are estimated at R$ 387.5 billion, but only R$ 265.4 billion are expected to be applied by 2033.
- For the solid waste segment, only R$ 3.2 billion in investments were contracted until 2040, far below the R$ 75 billion needed by 2033 according to Plansab.
- For 2025, R$ 72.4 billion in investments are estimated through 27 bidding processes covering 855 municipalities.

Value Chain Summary Table¶

Value Chain Step	Main Activities	Segments Focused On	Types of Players	Key Players Examples	Volume/Size Estimates (where available)
Planning and Regulation	Policy definition, standard setting, tariff regulation, oversight.	Cross-cutting (Water, Sewage, Solid Waste, Drainage)	Federal, State, Municipal, Intermunicipal regulatory agencies.	ANA, State/Municipal Regulatory Agencies.	ANA regulates ~65% of municipalities. Need for uniformization.
Infrastructure & Technology Supply	Manufacturing equipment, supplying materials, engineering, consulting.	Cross-cutting	Manufacturers, suppliers, engineering firms, technology providers.	aQuamec, DAS Brasil.	Imports of equipment in 2011 reached ~US$ 800 million.
Raw Water Abstraction/Collection	Capturing water from natural sources.	Water Supply	Service providers (State, Municipal, Private).	Sabesp, Copasa, Sanepar, Aegea, Iguá, Águas do Brasil.	52.4 million m³/day captured in 2017.
Water Treatment	Treating raw water to make it potable.	Water Supply	Service providers (State, Municipal, Private).	Sabesp, Copasa, Sanepar, Aegea, Iguá, Águas do Brasil.	45 million m³/day treated in 2017. 88.3% of municipalities with treatment plants in 2017.
Treated Water Distribution	Transporting treated water to consumers.	Water Supply	Service providers (State, Municipal, Private).	Sabesp, Copasa, Sanepar, Aegea, Iguá, Águas do Brasil.	84.2% of population served (total), 93.5% (urban) in 2021. 39.3% - 40.3% losses in distribution (2021). 753.2 thousand km of distribution networks (2021).
Sewage Collection	Collecting sanitary sewage through networks.	Sanitary Sewage	Service providers (State, Municipal, Private).	Sabesp, Copasa, Sanepar, Aegea, Iguá, Águas do Brasil.	64.1% of urban population served with collection (2021). 365 thousand km of collection networks (2021). 36.4 million connections (2021). 14.3 million m³/day collected in 2017.
Sewage Treatment	Treating collected sewage to remove pollutants.	Sanitary Sewage	Service providers (State, Municipal, Private).	Sabesp, Copasa, Sanepar, Aegea, Iguá, Águas do Brasil.	50.3% - 52.2% of generated sewage treated (2021/2022). 11 million m³/day treated in 2017.
Urban Cleaning & Solid Waste Management	Collection, treatment, and disposal of solid waste; street cleaning.	Solid Waste Management	Municipalities, municipal companies, private companies.	Orizon (potential). (Specific major players not clearly identified in searches).	R$ 3.2 billion investments contracted until 2040 vs. R$ 75 billion needed by 2033. Data collected from 4,900 municipalities (2021).
Urban Rainwater Drainage & Management	Collecting and managing rainwater runoff.	Rainwater Drainage	Municipalities, state governments.	(Specific major players not clearly identified in searches).	Data collected from 4,573 municipalities (2021). 66.2% of municipalities lack flood risk mapping. Lack of public data on investments.
Monitoring and Control	Monitoring quality, performance, and compliance.	Cross-cutting	Service providers, regulatory agencies, specialized technology companies.	Service providers (internal), Regulatory agencies (external).	Data collected via SNIS.
Financial Management & Commercial Ops	Billing, collection, financial planning, economic sustainability.	Cross-cutting	Service providers (State, Municipal, Private), financial institutions.	Service providers (internal), BNDES, other development banks, private investors.	R$ 20.9 billion annual average investment (2018-2022). R$ 509-551 billion needed by 2033. R$ 24 billion investment gap in 2024. R$ 72.4 billion estimated investments in 2025.

Examples of Main Players¶

Sabesp (Companhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo)

Profile: Founded in 1973, Sabesp is the largest sanitation company in Brazil. It is responsible for providing water supply and sewage collection and treatment services in 375 municipalities in the state of São Paulo. It is a mixed-capital company listed on the B3, with the state of São Paulo holding the majority of shares. Sabesp is currently undergoing a privatization process, which is expected to attract significant investment and attention from the market in 2025.
Case Study Snippet: Sabesp serves over 28 million people with water and around 25.5 million with sewage collection. The city of São Paulo, served by Sabesp, ranked 7th in the Trata Brasil 2024 ranking. The liquidation of Sabesp's public offering was noted as the largest in the global sanitation sector.

Aegea Saneamento

Profile: Established in 2007, Aegea is a prominent private player in the Brazilian sanitation market. The company operates through concessions and PPPs, providing water and sewage services in over 760 municipalities across 15 states, reaching more than 33 million people. Aegea emphasizes sustainability and operational efficiency.
Case Study Snippet: Aegea has expanded significantly through winning bids in sanitation auctions and PPPs, including the privatization of Corsan and a PPP with Sanepar. It was recognized as the best company in the "Sanitation and Environment" category in the Exame magazine's "Melhores e Maiores 2024" award for the second consecutive year. The company's CEO highlights the commitment to universalization and attracting necessary investments. In 2022, Aegea had a net revenue of R$ 4.6 billion and over 11,837 employees.

Iguá Saneamento

Profile: Iguá Saneamento is a private sanitation company operating in six Brazilian states. The company manages concessions and PPPs, serving approximately 6 million people in 121 municipalities, providing water supply, collection, and treatment of sewage. The company's capital structure includes significant participation from investment funds, both national (BNDESPar) and international (AIMCo, CCP).
Case Study Snippet: Iguá has around 19 contracts for the provision of sanitation services. The company's director highlights the positive impact of the New Legal Framework on attracting private investment through concessions and PPPs.

aQuamec

Profile: aQuamec is a supplier of equipment and systems for water and effluent treatment in Brazil and Latin America. The company provides solutions for different treatment stages for potable water, industrial water, and municipal and industrial effluents. They are involved in the design, manufacturing, installation, maintenance, and refurbishment of equipment.
Case Study Snippet: aQuamec's product line includes flocculators, screens, grit removers, aerators, diffusers, sludge scrapers, membrane systems, pumps, and valves. The company has a manufacturing facility in Itu, SP, which includes a test tank for evaluating equipment performance. They also offer services like equipment rental and performance-based contracts.

Volumes and Sizes¶

The size of the Brazilian sanitation market can be assessed through various indicators, including population coverage, volumes of water supplied and sewage treated, and required investments.

Population Coverage: In 2021, 84.2% of the total population had access to treated water, while 64.1% of the urban population had access to sewage collection networks. The goal is to reach 99% for water and 90% for sewage collection and treatment by 2033.
Volumes: In 2017, 52.4 million m³/day of raw water were captured, 45 million m³/day treated, and 46.1 m³/day distributed. For sewage, 14.3 million m³/day were collected, and 11 million m³/day were treated in 2017. As of 2021/2022, only 50.3% to 52.2% of generated sewage is effectively treated.
Market Share (Service Providers): State-owned companies (CESBs) are the main players, serving 69% of the urban population with water and 65% with sewage. Municipal entities (autarquias and municipal companies) serve 21% and 23% respectively. Private companies, while operating in only 7% of municipalities in 2020, served 10% of the population with water and 12% with sewage in the same year and were responsible for over 30% of the total investment. The private market share has grown significantly since 2020, with private operators now serving 1,648 municipalities, a 466% increase since the New Legal Framework. Four major private companies (Aegea, BRK, Iguá, and Equatorial) dominate 84% of the private water and sewage services. Aegea alone holds almost half of the private market.
Investments: The estimated investment needed for universalization by 2033 is between R$ 509 billion and R$ 551 billion. This is significantly higher than the current investment levels, which averaged R$ 20.9 billion per year between 2018 and 2022. The investment gap for 2024 is estimated at R$ 24 billion. Projections for 2025 indicate R$ 72.4 billion in estimated investments from planned bidding processes.

References¶

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Aqua Plastic. O Desafio dos Investimentos em Saneamento Básico no Brasil: Um Futuro que Precisa de Soluções Urgentes. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXG72qeBC9MUj-fgnt-cYkfPSnJwkj7om9T6Qn8uFftbQKzoHN6nnfxhbao6ne4SwoeY2ccBt3Dj-VvOXzHQ2n82xvvykcE-hxiKYqfbRweZiQkzRwraYLQC93BnuDJ76Q8bqp62iQ9eaWuO_qpggSjKFOZaANoj5YT1RKA_sCkxkUSJdoSRYythW7aajPVOliMR1a2WghAgr8v-8z-k-LCRDPA8sbf4GswA_CBibojICgeVM=
Entenda o Marco Legal do Saneamento. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXH778opLwQUN9btEjqLB_CLn7_jYlKowfsgY-eGp5LKUsdVWbxEqHyiIgUJ9l2frc4m1ZDnMiuDj6gqIOeQYHiHw7zS3LV_rdyLSbIub4EmTy2MoWg71J38IkisrkJK_8RH1AJDV5a5GhZumcJtqUKl9terpmEr
Eu Quero Investir. Empresas de saneamento na bolsa para investir em 2025. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXET4LH4wraMH9haFzynt6zEOllN3n6jSvLF4y69PpSFOLkGb40_niNofri1rB3aQorMbf_ZzL13S0WlQgSVLu7NsWemd1grnfG669WBw9wTFatx1u-6Ga-4U81kNbF8Mq-Bh0j1-4Zuekg-3WJ5nCLh0QCY1omo3Ux7fQ==
Portal Saneamento Básico. aQuamec. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXEbsG9pwRW20XXmrlqBOxCKKYYd8SUyKrAX6e937UtqICESbTBLTHpi3QcbF5oPndP_pVkXnP1XXNqHtJDfKnIfCQHBgKfmwMt2iIsLKojC-aSnrqRRwx8PoLT-lnKBcD_DoWblywQ=
Brasil 61. Saneamento: apenas 52,2% do esgoto gerado no Brasil é tratado. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXEZ4sUnXrwhcixqiyPbIKhOOh7Z-PrBgGOPGAG6UBapvSJV1189ZkmgVPHJSpQqvNq5UpM21Torv4KD4zNfxCP1kvucYsTZsWnuVZuOinBWfE4I1qdAH0Js6wkPi-zJ4lXcOQxpoxZpvXcGKZaPwLgMPqAcERYUeAjkVLFZ0Du-W1_Y02fAq3tSGDGJ2pMc3WFfRTxq
Planalto. L14026. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXECVOnH0RN49TAJM5QJzGubUmRZ18aDotbP11CFSlzmQu-ok3soTSFHOJUQ3qP94er-EygubftjbYqf7E3vBNdKVXP3EPt120iQCpdJX7jH6K_ptHxJ9Tlwqvr2VW47slA5ZTosm5ZEGTdg9hRgtlol0Fp-v7tB6zFe9I7LSQ==
Agência de Notícias - IBGE. PNSB 2017: Abastecimento de água atinge 99,6% dos municípios, mas esgoto chega a apenas 60,3%. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXHcT2mOXwhEMk7E6LI5ceecDvUHJM14-ZAednXHsy9on-dIolCrt5h2rAG_yNdPYOJn2mZ5gv5fSz0F7yKngVbLE68B9CYdGEw-2y-N-4U4Gk1Oh-E4-h1IZx2zdHT_VVoMGuo9XV2NUUc8AUXCBimDhYAWb_BAk2D4rrDnz0oZtjpVXlUt79Be0SQXiSNhzSI0RmNcDDMOJO1KT0m6u6eFkqb_DpJmD8CD1HD4qplqytu4HfU0hW1jcfrbpnQClbtPVC8gWTMXCy0QzePApDQIB3FtHwCt5Q4YU7Yg7Cfm22yu5GTdkvg2QObIcT6nOZTui6HRE_v
ONDAS. As empresas privadas atuantes no saneamento: entre a financeirização e a concentração do mercado. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXEMvbOxUoNxWmNKWf1iWW8RAoY1qI6kodghgHImnGNZ84kdpP27jitDXTM9o4VpHT2Ojezop3E53pENWaDB73-e4tnvDY-P9GmsWk0iiiHhxeaeS2Y97wVYoRypteOazvQThm67vTc7VMkkweG_oFsc3nWgIfYYjZx4XaTVahMHlnFn5EoeK03rT89fhasfLFQsUUO6tz30Ol65KKSIEkZj
Jornal de Brasília. Mercado de saneamento privado é dominado por 4 empresas; veja quem é dona do quê. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXFhGJPYzciR-b37n0S27oOHI12-ecum_V8XXlE3lqVgGGuWWhysy5cdjZ6he18YPvMK5Srk5_owm9T_tiYJ-7bA9b_wfAc3SBxLs59zhWPE1uJQp1h5uyWl54BJcADVB_ITYNg2FLciC6AY_ysQE2_zmo494ArGnn0wY5GQDfcSs6fTL-SPP5PSEfBi8CTwkirKEI5bKLazaD-JuZCLD3KMQcrzXiwfYcEfGxh8e1f1qJfkxrzvkxA==
Nivetec. Descubra como o saneamento industrial pode contribuir com o desenvolvimento das cidades. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXHe7WTonAMM2ATL2DuIcoXHjmLfNOG7OFBwgvLWopZ_08qhVFwffnF6Yi8n4Efk44sdHggNDorUjVm_47i0qENiZ9kvSDMSfy24APeG2DJ9RYR_9iUXuDnd8fhNPXL8GfkyaNudLQMU
Instituto Trata Brasil. Média de tratamento de esgoto entre as 100 maiores cidades brasileiras está longe do necessário. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXEqEeLL4u5uydbGgWtyO3bM1hhnOjqKee0ThVxhLEda01HzQ_Bc7WSJdbdrxrPwRjwBWGG8oVRdWVelKJ25FggXgWTOjFyPw5dlGtoyxLy5U-xfuGMiA-5WjH-aMLUw7j6yaITN9EKnx_gibfozbAGwDAyRzkQZxb0-kSqBw0up
Agência Brasil - EBC. No Brasil, 85,7% dos municípios têm coleta de esgoto. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXGIPJ-BL-fO0qt9uPDOC7aAU0eAhPYVMWjAeXsbRx4M11WZoJi-KtrUscOX16V2Yh-EHy_eHwPld8wu8GvIiW3lWaQF02tXVIxog_lM5coN_-HWPS6x1CkRhxfZBscSKi8T9qUPP0ESnvMkq1WhHTITr-7v1vBm8t8SfAtbasBUfGIPo_wdC7ahxpmvN9agQVrC3r59fEe2vPk-pcHadQ==
Poder360. Brasil precisará investir R$ 509 bi para universalizar saneamento. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXE-p_0opjv8ZjjYIas6rMxAdhDin4SrboDpryH8t4GRkN0tzIy2bM612G3BSUQeR2ywLAFc7H4Cc9yh2T2hy0JxrAlHkWyRhzkd5FOJ54-B7UvAYuwSPq2cg-nCWtL4JEfFkub17q8JnEHRAbqtY4Tb4OMIuvUHpXzZZ4vclBMabHJoAvYjKcd71XpBMs7J50jBCBAbHWcTpovXGQHsK2jXWCA==
aQuamec. Equipamentos. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXHM1rgujvoG4lJbiS6CAZy2yMBW3mAWA6ceuSQVilCzcZ8uCbVeJ3UjqPgbppMmUUz46wPyYvrV2MHOkyi9vqKoQiv_QeWKtt7lMIgUJvAOjViqIUPDzcHa47eo7Gjavq8IWDI=
Instituto Trata Brasil. Saneamento no Brasil: operadores públicos são maioria entre as 20 melhores cidades. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXEKCAvbH34fKY6qwTSpQJx_vp3XsKJ_v48_rwlFJk202tiaSBGmDKR7zu0Z9-WUVyDVxa2136n89rm1N89g0sMfK3T0-sO0PJQm6bAGa9aRzrQa5LNLx-dOvCS0OG0bF0YFx6uLHqTVt2aVpOJdrwLVjH8bmn_95f28dYr18yzrcStMjO9ubUqbd65xKlNR6hPs-IKeoCoc6Q54EwnzWf1V5lUrVJ8b0GhHZwQIcEy5VdInqvQM
Ministério das Cidades. PANORAMA DO SANEAMENTO BÁSICO NO BRASIL Avaliação político-institucional do setor de. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXGPoWqol4HhhE_yzEOI1zCi-1mW2C1N4MK7RKlFpZzxxWH4a1xDr1e8iqjZrZK_2gscxnasgZNXF_mxTymHlOXzvieWXs4gOlVIQiX7gU-TAb707KDn3K4_D1Wsou3n8GzG_yqFc9nTE3-Nzrb_15tb6Jo7jSGXE5KREPsTd5dbqLjploXzEQ==
Vernalha Pereira. Oportunidades de investimento no setor de saneamento para 2024. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXGRH2l1BqDUGPdIGWCcbrRKCAjOqYJXSQnpZctqmPP79cWJMGfip-r6Sk_2iW21_D_5nw19hOV2q7uAif-Zjq6AVFN1fzrCmmGASsHSSg0IPBEfQGoAjay2DViIfS83PbVLBMkiNeZ4K20y9vPjFvGLZUDgXRoJzlGSi47TIgTfnmh31a2Tp9BfHyXZYTmEr8pq-cjt
SBR Saneamento. Saneamento, Monitoramento e Operação - Sistemas Água e Esgoto. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXGAwGSpazB0ik3jZMbECaz0g_aCJxqR7XPF08EepaBGm7C2LYf5j5Dgo0x1zVTqHUwet3eccuWGzUErlzg8CIe2N2eCpBPmG22kSw-oali5-cPBsw==
Instituto Trata Brasil. Água. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXFn3WedCzCyKw5l415Fawp5t0ZfWQnOKz5luBqzVnkKRPYWnUIXVNJjbp4CJ40lr3R_SmiV3jmdRCqb-mdxeIsbdgAfypnBJ266ZB_39VGFV1L1VJoDDzW1urv_rWwco2aiy2AUFdhHspI_1Tif1Q==
Inovamobil. QUAIS SÃO OS SERVIÇOS DO SANEAMENTO BÁSICO?. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXF5uh6c1yVDye6BnMQ76tk5f5cobZLpU9jWhbE9Pxd2jvFTLV9ysDrsUuGeDQ2EEIyfjp3WQsAZ9RWydOQLEIRDNcMwjFWsCMWajzzaLlUElAOtANSuDKYNW_EGvCYnUI44O1hULjN6VsV8GlNyTfiXN21U3a34VrxV3-i3Jpqy-XJNDeBBZUKfIQSPmOLcMruA-3jm8vXqxB7PWIBMpwz_
ciências humanas e sociais aplicadas. Saneamento básico no Brasil. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXFk_9hFvpZv9uLAKgyyn8GnFAJhjXV_pwWpGYfQrCDZFt3eGqN8SVXvn-5gntBNJoYMocOEO3V8e9W3r6l0Vj7DS8_HnPSlgQJLoDud_yGB73jnb1IYR2UW4sAqt3fpFdRWhd6oTajPQqjgnlIHgYy-kk3vyIM2fJ1cKg==
Poder360. Brasil desperdiça 40,3% da água tratada, segundo estudo. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXEFk0MhyZA8CDdExHMRsEHKlFdyi35i8TOQSnJjiG4AJWRX9_3wLAD8EEkxcUDBS9BL72YK3Yvz2ccTNgeTmLwa8yvRU_ZXxW2yS3U_x0g3jBY03q45VdRQcvqFIcHf9X0SCgjKR6V42erG9MZ__pUrvVk14KIeEGS59tVRHXSYUoiC2NSWTwljjgqYqc6SUqfveYRxNw==
Iguá Saneamento. Nossas operações. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXHLNoDzkkSRxEI6pCd5eJNzwRIiuRGg5H16jftgc8NkIN5E3BroMAoHdastJy2u2WEfl5LdS6Z3eRBmJXuQ8jkZu7bT5KGI8InRiOL7VFbx3Wso-F_HR8H-qw8=
Instituto Trata Brasil. Perdas de Água 2023. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXFlf6ZUHnVpcvuxUDAiI-wQnrj_DKisg1ShAfJKIAdb5N4Jwbvnz1b2O6HA651ityaG9Bglg5s0pyZrnpfc5gcZh3O9xgpqsYhyCf-IXsMlCnZu_4zssYON2skCGHA0CypmZTXE8Q==
aQuamec. Unidade Fabril - Itu. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXE2UzSzeJrAc-CoVbLrwf269feFsPwBNASEuT5HKBNn3q2ZN5GDpEPhxvfs25ufweRhtwzyHlb36rzEeu0VFpdAQoYV0EpsRG59wLQldy43ed-UcMr5YcmAMB7aQ-ad1eNjASqvIw==
DAS Brasil. Home. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXHqF6wuWTDZ-Gz__2gzKbGiODb5DP_eOSQVE5KJQF4GKJCf8TIeFHO8iS7Rt8mwtJhy4K_EwGoZAP55UFLv1-QQqs-MUQZZfvDQRd08u4ZkblYydQ==
Hora do Povo. Empresas estatais oferecem o melhor saneamento do Brasil, aponta o Instituto Trata Brasil. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXGIrVs8hG3iyTARVmfBCb9o5CYa6BSAtWUGGrE_5oboRd0nocTJkQ9dHUKpqakftoPTriqxhT4Urn0phYlOkaPZ-9EBdqIBBa2uClAyHL2SRJOaWR3u2ARs9hTk1S_twS693V-p6KA8xkz7_618jTK3cQBBTX0wAs08EIFfFr-mdFjRlCHq64fC67gt6VhTngNtVDAgXkx0ji_AFaCN5UAmYo_u2Luv2ASi
jus.com.br. Saneamento básico: conceito jurídico e serviços públicos. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXGrE_HGL9fNFbnQ6AkRcBEnFlrpPgmTKb1c8VX5Gq_a7wcAsMthVX4Xo2SotdiOYO3MX_uv_Zr2ZKFre7pg2FAZdAlcGgVRL3d6EYbttHzAlkiEyuFXU-9rh7ARVZZZIoc8aDHI096WD7MX_Gt6AHoTJBmO5PKGIGC_qj8CYd7fLsZUxulPJbeGyMulnljmbozgo7QGi_A4fis2c0hXiAeV4Xb1zLLqTOW6
Nexo Jornal. Brasil perde quase 40% da água tratada, mostra estudo. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXHjpTTVaJHxvAlHbsdlhFEr2uctdrg7LfcVNRchurcCWM5Hzh5hcXEzY3flzA6FwT850psbe90HsTb1OdlK2Ll0G-4ms-loq5Bl5Miv08KsuzCszgKOvlZmIE1PYo-kzjDbfYdYzVCZ1c5Oh9_PNoUNK62CL9GV5e0QRXFPk6VGMYOiP3H4zRnBEGTT
Aegea Saneamento. Quem Somos. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXFNwLHYADHbcm5MhzxpOLrINnhFDsbhr8_B_GUxsQ8khfv2rDi4u28vH43Au6x1c3aWqXv7iQTncdNKJF_ZPXt3f_Nwc-DZmm4JztFpg3qfx6_kcH-_z3nOFm0=
Saneamento Ambiental Tecnosan. Saneamento Ambiental Tecnosan - Tratamento de Água, Efluentes e Esgotos. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXEcG9E64WSgUHbVihzNAZ-aVPeIL9J2MhKKEf6zHpgKUPfaQDFbU2VPZ0Fvdj2fRkkuH8KX2UK4Ip3guRiiNcLodIpTLTB1eGhjMPJXIA4EJMW-
Portal Gov.br. Saneamento básico: panorama dos pedidos de patente de abastecimento de água e tratamento de esgoto. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXHy4GxTRmA5WF0SUjFEECpSKQgasPPdrx-sh0PZZBx-UTDDNuVAXXD84vm9mANu2hSupVyVfA3sJUckMMhf_rZ5bBTtFdoC7Z5d0dvHxhfGHaTJ42TbUtV1ZHkDNObZC8akXpASW8hHOdXwYhEAX9PgG3wC2wSSanvdHLD3Sk40pwl6m5GlPy1RSxN-KrpuSTA0w8kEcSs0iIthBzt-RuZUZChvqiS9zSwcmX-vEKivV5x1eG8GEsdrOLGBMNuyYTjNlAmz
BNDES. SANEAMENTO. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXE3v64Inxqsc61seLP1pJ3wIHmBMl-va_BstL56bIg_seEqlHdI8Y6ohhiOcOAuhoonLA6fVlfk7aBXtVvTn2GkxZuOYuDP1TfLwh7QXGX7OZPtsbVyYOftTHW6UmVLvYXWplwMeORhpy4VOD-1UOQlqgNH_j9yQTzG9hLBIEwL4dRMJelZjJeU60sdsSBakrHmgVb0LWkP5WQklS3kEpOpd8Tnr2HU
Acqualogic. Conheça os tipos de empresa de abastecimento de água e como funcionam. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXEGWsY8H9OJw3CzFNPHwWDiiHv-tADNfjjI5Wx7716h1ycfFV9vTl8QUZdEfqlsQGhToYhE03E8S0O3rxYsK5LTHUfm4hvvivGvE3_g6QDX1X0dpIHhutTEqxf8u09Fby33ET4vUZ_88w0b70V7cOV4SaPVm4YWCIqv4FiG
Mecaltec. Equipamentos para Saneamento. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXEYNHMj5J-d3kx6itmA5dZO5aZBOvl5mLJDjUeOa4NgB0WKpZDKe-ln4BZeUxJ6bri08kPX0R_xkIedUAWbwcxGWUQQOKWWc1wHfJcMzVbQSJZfIYAc0ONrjiayHOURFXugkvjT4gO35zlSKg5TGIxh15w=
Instituto Trata Brasil. TABELA COMPLETA - RANKING DO SANEAMENTO 2024. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXGJ9-64sq29QMZcDPIlh_mNVM9ieYXwmNnUGl4LYLBFH_P560YGa1uifZXubv9-jTBGsatgycfhZX1oy6IpD0IKzvJHPLzUKAOZqG489NAv01rJwyJ8qIbe0HSmR0djf73J5p7wQ2Togk1czdA77rzAf2vjk5s79lgDUknJ3M3I8zUWjih-zPgK7zGw97_xU3qFdDXk8b6FII2MTdDTwADIkIMRDOoPO0keCFGzoCyuv1soyBKceFiImw==
Aegea Saneamento. Aegea é a melhor empresa do ano na categoria “Saneamento e Meio Ambiente” na premiação Melhores e Maiores 2024 da Exame. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXH98cVuvRXp24pPWqF0UFIC5Btz4kN8DLdXTSFgyVJapdlgSmiYcTPDm7vYjg27QDV7rDWQzFrtuPv-AK6gNgNSntfKvJMCgGv9lz31MGmSpv-Vu_qhq1GeAhS9GifBXmd9gYXiLluJIixiAxJWoW7KHot4m4c2-sissJMFCJVipmnGNUA42n47v8x8Edt1jB27yqSsxF2bc-arA-eWN2zlw9DuPvvNQAqUqAKXiulWkpiwYXecYpIdw5IaOl5oAE9gdGSEXQe2qgjumS0W6OC92Q==
CNN Brasil. Aegea contribui com a universalização do saneamento básico no Brasil. https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AbF9wXFLl8D__Wp5WgTLOzub7dVs_pCPj5KhShj6qrnGDlsyPKU7avqQn278LeGmXJkx5RWvEnLxyUZhIGRyU_PdFF2P7C7SBM0Ka5DTwKoB1JvXgLo5uOk6vMEkI55L8c8KkmIqlQUtyIeqfWh6kWbPC75toL1KZqOf3GfY_vhmjOlB1BklBIDrNT0gAe8l5V-aINdPdhchGF_E6Z6ULkSJQNzUQNbZEzXSL9RQBj8SxWM1mdo=