Energy in Chile Final Customers Identification¶

Customers Categorization¶

Based on the analysis of the provided value chain report on the energy industry in Chile, the final customers can be categorized into two main segments: B2C (Business-to-Consumer) and B2B (Business-to-Business). This categorization aligns with the distinction made in the report between "Regulated Customers" and "Free Customers," with some overlap within the "Regulated Customers" group.

B2C Customers:

Residential Regulated Customers: This segment consists of individual households that consume electricity for residential purposes. They are classified as regulated customers because they purchase electricity at tariffs that are set and regulated by the Comisión Nacional de Energía (CNE). They are supplied electricity by distribution companies within designated geographic concession areas.

B2B Customers:

Commercial and Small Industrial Regulated Customers: This segment includes businesses, shops, and small industrial users. Like residential customers, they are also classified as regulated customers and purchase electricity at the regulated tariffs determined by the CNE. They are supplied by distribution companies.
Large Consumers (Free Customers): This segment comprises large energy consumers, typically identified as those with a demand greater than 500 kW. This group primarily includes entities such as mining companies and large industrial facilities. Unlike regulated customers, these large consumers have the ability to negotiate and enter into bilateral Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) directly with electricity generation companies. While they contract energy supply directly from generators, they may still rely on the local distribution network for the final delivery of electricity, for which they pay a regulated distribution toll to the distribution company.

Characteristics and Demographics¶

The characteristics and demographics of the final customers in the Chilean energy value chain, as described in the report, highlight their varying scale of consumption, purchasing mechanisms, and relationship with the entities in the value chain:

Residential Regulated Customers:
- Characteristics: Individual households, relatively low individual consumption compared to industrial users, purchase energy at regulated, government-set tariffs.
- Demographics: Represent the "vast majority of customers by number" served by distribution companies across Chile.
- Relationship: Direct relationship with distribution companies (e.g., Enel Distribución Chile, CGE, Chilquinta Energía) for billing, metering, and service.
Commercial and Small Industrial Regulated Customers:
- Characteristics: Businesses and small industrial operations, consumption levels are typically higher than residential but below the threshold for "Free Customers," purchase energy at regulated tariffs.
- Demographics: Form a significant portion of the customer base served by distribution companies, contributing to the "vast majority of customers by number" along with residential users.
- Relationship: Direct relationship with distribution companies for supply and services, similar to residential customers.
Large Consumers (Free Customers):
- Characteristics: High energy consumption, typically exceeding 500 kW demand. They operate critical and energy-intensive processes (e.g., mining operations).
- Demographics: Composed of large corporations, such as major mining companies (e.g., Codelco, Antofagasta Minerals) and large industrial entities. These are fewer in number than regulated customers but account for a significant portion of total energy consumption.
- Relationship: Engage in direct, negotiated commercial relationships (bilateral PPAs) with generation companies, allowing for customized terms regarding price, volume, and contract duration. They interact with transmission companies for network access and may interact with distribution companies for local network delivery if not connected directly to the transmission system.

The distinction between regulated and free customers is fundamentally driven by their energy consumption levels and determines their pathway for energy procurement and the tariff structures applied to them.

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